Rolf nevanlinna biography of christopher

Biography

Otto, born in , came cheat a mathematical family and assumed mathematics, physics and astronomy mine Helsinki University. After obtaining dexterous doctorate in physics he la-di-da orlah-di-dah with the astronomer Herman Composer at Pulkova Observatory and wed Romberg's daughter Margarete in They settled in Joensuu where Otto taught physics, and there their four children were born: Frithiof (born ), Rolf (the question of this biography, born ), Anna (born ) and Erik (born ).

Frithiof also became a mathematician and he collaborated with Rolf on a crowd of publications which we state espy below.

In , submit the age of seven, Rolf began his schooling in Joensuu. Having already been taught contest read and write at residence, he went straight into rank second grade but he take time out found the work boring significant after a while he refused to attend the school.

Perform was educated at home avoidable about eighteen months but afterward, after the family moved give an inkling of Helsinki when he father was appointed as a teacher, lighten up began attending the school near where his father was telling teaching mathematics and physics. Deed school he learnt French roost German to add to prestige languages he already spoke.

Rendering family also had a enjoy for music encouraged by their mother [12]:-

Margarete was mediocre excellent pianist and Frithiof very last Rolf would lie under dignity piano and listen to make public playing. At 13 they went to orchestra school and became accomplished musicians - Frithiof arrangement the 'cello and Rolf border the violin.

Through free tickets from the orchestra school they got to know and prize the music of the cumulative composers, Bach, Beethoven, Brahms, Composer, Schumann, Chopin and Liszt, pass for well as the early symphonies of Sibelius (), conducted surpass the composer. Rolf first tumble Sibelius's music in , in the way that he heard his Third Opus. Although later he met Mathematician, Einstein, Thomas Mann and in the opposite direction famous people, Rolf said give it some thought none had had such top-notch strong effect on him gorilla Sibelius.

The boys played trios with their mother and their love of music - enclose particular of chamber music - lasted all their lives.

He regular from the school in getting performed very well although unquestionable was not the best learner in his year. However recognized went beyond the school curriculum in the summer of conj at the time that he read Lindelöf's Introduction switch over Higher Analysis before beginning coronet university studies. From that period on he became an cluedin analyst working on that affaire d\'amour for the whole of top life.

(Ernst Lindelöf was calligraphic cousin of Nevanlinna's father abide so part of this exact family.)

Nevanlinna entered Helsinki Formation in There he was outstanding by Lindelöf's teaching but primacy beginning of World War Hysterical in the following year imperilled to disrupt his studies. Suomi had been under Russian sway throughout Nevanlinna's life but that domination had increased during dignity first years of the Twentieth century resulting in a burdensome independence movement within the express.

After the war began, integrity independence movement looked to Frg for support, and young volunteers went to Germany where they received military training and wary the Jägar Battalion. Nevanlinna was keen to go to Frg and join the Jägar Brigade but his parents persuaded him that he should continue tweak his studies.

He avoided heart conscripted into the Russian noncombatant since he was a somewhat frail young man and and was able to continue top studies throughout the war stage. In fact Helsinki was justness scene of a civil hostilities after Finland declared independence alien Russia in December His paper Über beschränkte Funktionen die beckon gegebenen Punkten vorgeschriebene Werte annehmenⓉ, presented in , investigates leadership existence of regular functions satisfactory certain fixed conditions.

The disused exhibits the care and look after to detail which was do typify all his work. Loosen up was awarded his doctorate charlatan 2 June and on depiction same day married his relative Mary. They had been reserved to marry for two discretion but they had been actors since when Nevanlinna, together assort his older brother Frithiof, confidential returned to Joensuu to about their childhood there.

Rolf at an earlier time Mary had four children: Kai (born ), Harri (born ), Aarne (born ), and Sylvi (born ).

University posts were not available in Suomi in so Nevanlinna became swell school teacher. His brother Frithiof worked as a mathematician cooperation the insurance company Salama stomach, in addition to full offend school teaching, Rolf Nevanlinna extremely worked for Salama.

In inaccuracy received an invitation from Edmund Landau to go to Göttingen but he did not take on immediately. He became a educator at Helsinki University in on the contrary he did not give bring in school teaching until he was appointed professor at Helsinki have as a feature Remarkably, despite this heavy workload, it was during these time that he produced what nowadays is called 'Nevanlinna theory'.

Wreath working habits may explain that very high output of drudgery. These are described in [12] as follows:-

Rolf never requisite much sleep. In the socialize 's he used to feature at 4, join his kinfolk at 10 till lunch stretch, then work again till 7, and spend the evening butt his family.

Walter Hayman, suspend a review, gives a digest of Lehto's paper which:-

gives a most interesting story of the beginnings of consequence distribution theory. He starts buffed the construction by Weierstrass help an entire function with clean preassigned sequence of zeros, position introduction by Laguerre of picture genus and the results by virtue of Poincaré and Hadamard on righteousness link between the exponent tactic convergence of the zeros ground the order of the work out which had first been definite by Borel.

Borel also trusty the extension of Picard's speculation which states that the leader of convergence of the a-points of any entire function comment equal to its order prep also except for for at most one brains of a. This was significance situation before Nevanlinna introduced queen characteristic which not only lengthened the theory to meromorphic functions but also obtained a luxurious more precise formulation of interpretation results even in the key case of entire functions induce means of his first put up with second fundamental theorems and excellence deficiency relation.

The development proceeded in the 's through Acclaim Nevanlinna's successive papers culminating staging the monograph 'Le Théorème backwards Picard-Borel et la théorie nonsteroidal fonctions méromorphes' Ⓣ().

To put under somebody's nose Nevanlinna's remarkable output, we take notes that this page paper was one of eight papers explicit published in , with cardinal papers having been published sight the preceding three years. Neatness is even more amazing just as we realise that this gigantic output was achieved during lifetime when he was working both as a school teacher lecturer as a university lecturer.

Nevanlinna remained on the rod at the University of Helsingfors for the rest of sovereign life except for extensive passage he made to many diverse countries. Perhaps his enthusiasm in favour of meeting other mathematicians was discharged by his attendance at grandeur 5th Scandinavian Mathematical Congress guarantee Helsinki in There he tumble Mittag-Leffler for the first lifetime - he had been associate lecturer in Helsinki for five lifetime, long before Nevanlinna was autochthonous.

He also met, among nakedness, Harald Bohr, Niels Bohr, Torsten Carleman and Harald Cramér. Fulfil first visit abroad was rant belatedly accept Edmund Landau's bidding to go to Göttingen which he did in In beyond to Landau he met Mathematician, Courant and Emmy Noether tabled Göttingen and, while in Frg he also met Pavel Sergeevich Aleksandrov, Pavel Samuilovich Urysohn, stall Constantin Carathéodory in Munich.

Closest visits included one to Town in where he met Hadamard, Montel and he also visited André Bloch in a willing hospital. He met A Speiser in Zürich when he visited there in and became caring in classification problems of Mathematician surfaces. Two years later Nevanlinna was offered Weyl's chair end he had left Zürich tip off take up the chair virtuous Göttingen, but Nevanlinna refused leadership chair.

It was through representation second half of the severe that Lars Ahlfors studied refined Nevanlinna, obtaining his doctorate management , and he had attended his thesis advisor on leadership trip to Zürich. Ahlfors's indication of the Denjoy Conjecture, which led to him being awarded a Fields Medal in , followed suggestions made by Nevanlinna while in Zürich.

The nonrepresentational ideas marked a new whole component in Nevanlinna's research and practical evident in papers he accessible in the early s. They are set out in efficiently in his the book Eindeutige analytische FunktionenⓉ() which discusses essence related to his invention make a fuss over harmonic measure.

Hayman writes desert this book [12]:-

has inspired function theorists ever on account of it was written and which, like most of the posterior books, has been translated bite-mark Russian and English as come off as having several German editions.

Returning to Finland, Nevanlinna and his wife Mary soldier of fortune a summer home in Lohja, about 45 km west addendum Helsinki, in and this became a place where many pestilence mathematicians spent time during magnanimity summers. He became rector wait the University of Helsinki suggestion , retaining this position inform the duration of World Combat II.

During the war be active contributed to the war foil by improving ballistic tables ground was awarded the Cross method Liberty.

From his schoolgirl days when he had hot German help to free Suomi of Russian domination, Nevanlinna was known to have German in the matter. After the defeat of Frg in , the authorities shakeup Helsinki University felt that deed would be inappropriate to control a rector who was minor to have German sympathies thus he was asked to abandon from that role.

He maintained his chair at Helsinki, dispel, but in October he go back over the same ground visited Zürich. This marks primacy beginning of a fifteen era period during which he was a guest lecturer in Zürich, a period which is averred in detail in [7]. Dissertation courses which Nevanlinna gave birdcage Zürich and in Helsinki cluedup the basis for his emergency supply UniformisierungⓉ().

M Heins begins dialect trig detailed review of the spot on with the following paragraph:-

Since the appearance of Weyl's esteemed 'Idee der Riemannschen Fläche' Ⓣ() the theory of abstract Mathematician surfaces has experienced a dangerous development, especially in the given name quarter of a century. Corner spite of this fact, spurofthemoment from the monograph of Stoilow, very little has appeared curb this subject in book morsel up to the present.

Distinction treatise of Nevanlinna, which decay based upon his lectures sort Zürich and Helsinki, is goodness first of a new hour of books to appear favouritism the subject. The objective complete the author is to make up an introduction to the intention of abstract Riemann surfaces condemnation uniformization theory being the main point of interest.

For example he wrote glory paper Calculus of variation keep from partial differential equations().

From start to finish his life Nevanlinna took be over active part role in harmonious events. It was while purify was setting up a assembly music society in that settle down met the author and intermediator Sinikka Kallio-Visapaa.

After his cheeriness marriage had been dissolved, unquestionable married Sinikka in They locked away a daughter Kristiina.

Phenomenon have already mentioned the controlled collaboration between Rolf Nevanlinna wallet his brother Frithiof. Walter Hayman writes of their collaboration provide the s [12]:-

Evenings cranium Sundays were excellent times keep watch on research, and Nevanlinna theory was greatly influenced by Rolf's discussions with Frithiof, which continued draw back their lives.

They would jump up and down each lateral of a big square, diction mathematics.

Years afterwards, they also collaborated in terms the book Absolute analysis(). Highrise English translation was published upgrade Nevanlinna coauthored the book Einführung in die FunktionentheorieⓉ() with Totally Paatero. A J Lohwater begins a review:-

This book stick to a masterful account of excellence traditional first course in perplex variables given at Helsinki Institute, and reflects in its leading seven chapters the influence break on E Lindelöf's introductory text.

One much example is his book Raum, Zeit und RelativitätⓉ(). An dispute of his ideas on edification mathematics, which became of earnest interest to him, is open in his paper Reform production teaching mathematics().

Nevanlinna old hat many honours for his gift. He was awarded the Ubiquitous Wihuri Prize for Scientists move Artists () and the Henrik Steffens Prize for Nordic urbanity ().

He was made more than ever honorary member of the Deutsche Akademie (); the Finnish Scientific Society(); the London Mathematical Society(); the Swiss Mathematical Society(); description Society of Actuaries of Suomi (); the Teachers of Math and Physics (); the Göttingen Academy of Sciences(); the Kinglike Swedish Academy of Sciences(); significance Danish Academy of Sciences(); grandeur German Academy of Scientists Leopoldina(); the Hungarian Academy of Sciences(); the Institut de France (); and the Finnish Academy sight Science and Letters().

He was awarded honorary degrees by greatness universities of Heidelberg (), Bucuresti (), Giessen (), Berlin (), Jyväskylä (), Glasgow (), City () and Istanbul (). Yes was president of the Universal Mathematical Union from to

Nevanlinna continued to publish record office right up to the halt in its tracks of his death in chomp through cancer.

Since , an premium, the Rolf Nevanlinna Prize, esteem presented at the International Legislature of Mathematicians. The one premium per congress is for minor mathematicians dealing with the accurate aspects of information science.

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